Congestive Cardiac Failure (CCF) Case Study

Congestive Cardiac Failure (CCF) Case StudyStudent Name Shinderpal KaurUnit of Competence Analyse Health informationAssessment gentle Analyse Health Information Case Study Mr. WrightQ1- Mr. Wrights admission states that he has CCF (congestive cardiac failure). Clearly define CCF. What variety meat and which eubstance forms are affect by this disorder?Heart failure, also known as congestive heart failure (CHF), occurs when your heart muscle doesnt pump line of reasoning as advantageously as it should. Conditions such as narrowed arteries in your heart (coronary artery disease) or high blood pressure gradu exclusivelyy leave your heart in addition weak or stiff to fill and pump efficiently. Heart failureis condition in which thehearthaslosttheabilitytopumpenoughbloodtothebodystissues. The organs and other tissues do not receive enough oxygen and nutrients to function properly. The major affected organs are Brain, Kidneys and Lungs.The systems affected by this disorder-The car diovascular systemUrinary systemDigestive systemrespiratory systemNervous SystemQ2- Give a brief overview of the function of the body systems affected by this disorder.Respiratory SystemThe respiratory system brings origin into the body and removes coke dioxide. It includes the nose, trachea, and lungs. When you breathe in, air enters your nose or mouth and goes down a long tube called the trachea. The trachea branches into two bronchial tubes, or primary bronchi, which go to the lungs. The primary bronchi branch off into correct small-scaleer bronchial tubes, or bronchioles. The bronchioles end in the alveoli, or air sacs. Oxygen follows this running and passes through the walls of the air sacs and blood vessels and enters the blood stream. At the same time, carbon dioxide passes into the lungs and is exhaled.Nervous SystemThe nervous system is made up of the brain, the spinal anesthesia cord, and tinders. unitary of the most important systems in your body, the nervous sys tem is your bodys control system. It sends, receives, and processes nerve impulses throughout the body. These nerve impulses tell your muscles and organs what to do and how to respond to the environment. There are three parts of your nervous system that work together the central nervous system, the peripheral nervous system, and the autonomic nervous system.Thecentral nervous systemconsists of the brain and spinal cord. It sends out nerve impulses and analyzes information from the sense organs, which tell your brain about things you see, hear, smell, taste and feel.Theperipheral nervous systemincludes the craniospinal nerves that branch off from the brain and the spinal cord. It carries the nerve impulses from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands.Theautonomic nervous systemregulates involuntary action, such as heart beat and digestion.Digestive SystemThe digestive system is made up of organs that break down food into protein, vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, and fa ts, which the body needs for energy, growth, and repair. After food is chewed and swallowed, it goes down the esophagus and enters the stomach, where it is further broken down by coercive stomach acids. From the stomach the food travels into the small intestine. This is where your food is broken down into nutrients that grass enter the blood stream through tiny hair-like projections. The excess food that the body doesnt need or trickt digest is turned into waste and is eliminated from the body.The circulatory systemIt is the bodys deport system. It is made up of a group of organs that transport blood throughout the body. The heart pumps the blood and thearteriesandveinstransport it. Oxygen-rich blood leaves the left side of the heart and enters the biggest artery, called theaorta. The aorta branches into smaller arteries which accordingly branch into even smaller vessels that travel all over the body. When blood enters the smallest blood vessels, which are calledcapillaries, a nd are found in body tissue, it gives nutrients and oxygen to the cells and takes in carbon dioxide, water, and waste. The blood, which no longer contains oxygen and nutrients, then goes back to the heart through veins. Veins carry waste products remote from cells and bring blood back to the heart, which pumps it to the lungs to pick up oxygen and eliminate waste carbon dioxide.Urinary SystemThe urinary system eliminates waste from the body, in the form of urine. The kidneys remove waste from the blood. The waste combines with water to form urine. From the kidneys, urine travels down two thin tubes called ureters to the bladder. When the bladder is full, urine is discharged through the urethra.Q3- Define the signs and symptoms of CCF, and explain why these signs and symptoms occur.increase heart rate- The heart beats faster to attain up for the loss in pumping functionTiredness, fatigue-Heart cant pump enough blood to meet needs of bodys tissuesedema- lessen blood flow out of the weak heart lineage returning to the heart from the veins backs up causing precarious to build up in tissues want of appetite-The digestive system receives less blood causing problems with digestionMuscle weakness-due to insufficient blood supply and oxygen to the muscles.Chronic cough or wheezing-due to the quiet in the lungs and the lungs need to work harder.Swelling in ankles, feet, hands or abdomen-due to the veins filling up with excess fluid.Confusion-Changing levels of substances in the blood ( sodium) can cause confusionweight gain -because of fluid in the body and kidneys are not working properlySleep apnoea.The softness to breathe properly at night results in low blood oxygen levels and increased risk of abnormal heart rhythms.Shortness of breath Blood backs up in the pulmonary veins because the heart cant keep up with the supply an fluid leaks into the lungsLung congestion-The lungs may become congested with fluid (pulmonary oedema)Nausea and vomiting-as peristalsis slo ws and bile and fluid back up in the stomachInfarct- may be cause of decreased cardiac railroad sidingDecreased urine output- kidneys are not working properly because not getting enough blood for filtrationSkin pale or cyanotic -Because of insufficient oxygen in the bloodHeart enlargement-Heart pumps the blood with more force than usual, which puts the strain on the heart muscles and the heart muscles become enlarged.Increased urination at night-When you lie down at night time, the fluid that is build up in your legs can move up into your bloodstream and is taken to your kidneys to be eliminated as waste urine.Cool extremities-because of poor circulation in the body and heart is trying to send more blood to the major organs of the body such as brain.Orthopnea-In general, huskiness of breath is a common symptom of congestiveheart failure. This is because increased fluid in thelungs can interfere with the exchange of oxygen, resulting in not enough oxygen reaching the tissues, this is most typically noticed during exercise, but it can also occur when a person is lying down. practice session intolerance-A person may be unable to tolerate exercise or even mild physical exertion that he or she may have been able to do before. The body needs oxygen and other nutrients during physical activity. A failing heart cannot pump enough blood to provide these nutrients to the body.The ability to exercise, or even to walk at a normal pace, may be limited by feeling tired and having shortness of breath.Q4- List the information taken on his admission that demonstrates these signs and symptoms.Temperature-35.8CPulse 124Respiration 32Hypotension 90/40Cyanosis lack of oxygenSaO2 87% on fashion airDyspnoeaConfusionAge (77)ConstipationLoss of appetiteSmokingQ5- Do you think his diabetes is related to his leg ulcer and amputated left toe? ExplainPeople with diabetes are prone to having foot problems, often because of two complications of diabetes nerve damage (neuropathy) an d poor circulation. Neuropathy causes loss of feeling in your leg, pickings away your ability to feel pain and discomfort, so you may not detect an injury or irritation. Poor circulation in your feet reduces your ability to heal, making it hard for even a tiny cut to resist infection. Tissue in the leg will die due to lack of oxygen and nutrients, which leads to infection and gangrene.Q6-One of the medications he is taking is furosemide. What is the action of Lasix? Which body systems are affected by it? Explain why you think Mr Wright is ordered Lasix. (Your answer need only be brief.)Lasix is also known as Furosemide. It is a potent diuretic (water pill) that is used to eliminate water and salt from the body. In the kidneys, salt (composed of sodium and chloride), water, and other small molecules normally are filtered out of the blood and into the tubules of the kidney. The filtered fluid ultimately becomes urine. Most of the sodium, chloride and water that are filtered out of the blood are reabsorbed into the blood before the filtered fluid becomes urine and is eliminated from the body. Furosemide works by blocking the absorption of sodium, chloride, and water from the filtered fluid in the kidney tubules, causing a profound increase in the output of urine (diuresis).Mr. Wright is ordered Lasix because of oedema.The body systems are affected by it-Urinary systemDigestive systemNervous systemCardiovascular systemRespiratory systemIntegumentary systemSpecial sensesQ7-List three conditions in Mr. Wrights relevant medical archives that are commonly associated with ageing.Arthritis Osteoarthritis (OA), at one time called degenerative joint disease, is the most common type of arthritis in older community. Symptoms can range from stiffness and mild pain that comes and goes to inexorable joint pain and even disability.Glaucoma Glaucoma is a term describing a group of ocular disorders with multi-factorial etiology united by a clinically characteristic intraocular pressure-associated center neuropathy. Also, people over the age of 60 years have a higher risk of developing the glaucoma disease.Diabetes type 2 Diabetes mellitus type 2 (formerly noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or adult-onset diabetes) is a metabolic disorder that is characterized by high blood glucose in the context of insulin resistance and relative insulin deficiencyQ8- Using Mr. Wrights admission history and assessment, lists the factors that may impact on his safety whilst in hospital and when he returns home.Mobility.Diabetes type 2 increase the risk of falls when Mr. Wright returns home as people with type 2 diabetes mellitus may rarely present with nonketotic hyperosmolar coma (a condition of very high blood sugar associated with a decreased level of ken and low blood pressure).Asthma Mr. Wright may feel very difficult to breathe when he returns home as asthma symptoms includes shortness of breath and struggle to breathe.Arthritis arthritis can decrease Mr. Wright mobility and increase the risk of falls when he returns home. It is because the symptoms of arthritis are pain, stiffness and inflammation (heat and swelling) in the joints.Hypotension abnormally low blood pressureDecreased appetite Lack of appetiteis the feeling that you are not hungry. When he returns home may be he wouldnt eat much because he is not feeling hungry, it can effect on his health.Vision impairment risk for falls, unable to read medication labels properlyLow SaO2 lack of oxygen can make him dizziness.Mental Confusion Unable to understand that how and when to take the medicine.Q9-What other health professionals will be involved in his care and what services can they provide for Mr. Wright.Dietician Dieticians are professionals with qualification and skill to provide expert nutrition and dietetic advice. So Dietician can provide information and dietary needs for his diabetes.Support workers They are supporting people to complete everyday tasks that they are unable to complete on their own due to illness, disability.Psychiatrists-A psychiatrist who change in the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of mental health and emotional problems. So psychiatrist can help Mr.wright to decrease his anxiety level.Local GP is amedical practitionerwho treatsacuteandchronic illnessesand providespreventive careandhealth educationto patients. He can assist with medication refills and refer to specialist if needed.Physiotherapist help with some exercises that can improve his mobility.Q10-List the nursing documentation you would be expect to be used in the care of Mr Wright.Fluid Intake and output chartPain assessment chartWound chartMobility assessment chart intestine chartObservation chartFood chartAdmission formsAllergy tagsWeight chartMedication chartProgress notesNursing notesCare broadcastReferences-http//www.factmonster.com/ipka/A0774536.htmlhttp//www.foothealthfacts.org/footankleinfo/diabetic-amputations.htmhttp//www.medicinenet.com/furosem ide/article.htmhttp//www.netdoctor.co.uk/heart-and-blood/medicines/lasix.htmlhttp//www.abc.net.au/health/consumerguides/stories/2005/10/15/1836929.htm http//www.rightdiagnosis.com/h/heart_failure/intro.htmhttp//www.emedicinehealth.com/congestive_heart_failure/page4_em.htmShinderpal KaurID-000208825Page 1